Key Message
Three health technology assessments, one randomized controlled trial, and three non-randomized studies were identified regarding the clinical effectiveness of islet cell transplantation in patients with unstable diabetes mellitus. In addition, one economic evaluation was identified regarding the cost-effectiveness of using islet cell transplantation in patients with unstable diabetes mellitus. Lastly, one evidence-based guideline associated with the use of islet cell transplantation in patients with unstable diabetes mellitus was identified.